Past Perfect Continuous (Past
Perfect Progressive) digunakan untuk menyatakan tindakan-tindakan yang
dimulai di waktu lampau dan berakhir sampai pada waktu yang lainnya di
masa lampau juga.
Kegunaan Past Perfect Continuous digunakan untuk:
- Durasi tindakan masa lampau sampai titik waktu tertentu di masa lampau juga
- Kalimat-kalimat pengandaian (a) dan reported speech (b)
Subjek + had + been + verb+ing. Contoh:
- I had been running for an hour when it started raining. (Kegunaan 1)
- Mary said she had never been swimming so much in one day. (Kegunaan 2b)
- Kathy put on weight because she had been eating too much sugar (Kegunaan 1)
- When I saw him I knew that he had been training. (Kegunaan 1)
Had + Subjek + been + verb+ing. Contoh:
- For how many hours had Fred been painting the house when the ladder fell?
- How long had the player been playing before he scored?
- He said he wasn’t tired because he hadn’t been working that day. (Kegunaan 2b)
- If it hadn’t been raining, we would have played football. (Kegunaan 2a)
- Had I not been studying all night, I would have problems with this test now. (Kegunaan 2a)
Past Perfect menekankan selesainya (atau hasil tindakan lengkap) sedangkan Past Perfect Continuous menekankan durasi atau aktivitas sebuah tindakan. Contoh:
- By the time we arrived, he had left the house. (Past Perfect)
- By the time we arrived, he had been playing poker with his friends for 2 hours. (Continuous)
Past Perfect Continuous, berbeda dengan Present Continuous, tidak pernah menyatakan tindakan-tindakan yang berlanjut sampai sekarang.
- He has been playing for two hours. (Dia masih sedang bermain atau baru saja berhenti.)
- He had been playing for two hours when I arrived. (Dia tidak sedang bermain bola sekarang.)
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